I Finally Understand~

The following is taken from this website: http://blog.360.yahoo.com/blog-PlTGfR03bqstoxo69slbrUdpsLc-?cq=1&p=2392#comments

Kudos to the author of this website, i learnt ALOT :D Whoever you are, God bless you! You're a great teacher!

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～てあります　～ておきます　～ています
Hello Everyone! Konnichiwa!


I wrote about ｢～ています｣ usages on July 16.
One of them is as follows;

● 結果を表す／けっかをあらわす　：　expressing resultant
　　ex. まどが　われています。　／　窓が割れています。
　　 (The window is broken.)
　　The window was broken in the past and at present its consequence remains (=it is broken.)

The verbs which are used with this expression are intransitive verbs.


We have studied ｢～てあります｣ and ｢～ておきます｣ some days ago.
Today we will compare the above two and ｢～ています｣ (resultant).

「あけます」＝　(transitive verb)

①｢まどを あけて あります｣　／　｢窓を開けてあります｣
　 ②｢まどを あけて おきました｣　／　｢窓を開けておきました｣ (past tense)

「あきます」 ＝ (intransitive verb)

③｢まどが あいて います｣　／　｢窓が開いています｣

① implies intention, meaning somebody has opened the door and the present state is the window is still opened.
② implies intention too, meaning somebody opened the door for the future convenience, and the present state is the window is opened.
③ does not imply intention, describing the state that the window is opened.


「窓を・が　 あけてあります／あけておきました／あいています」

You could say all of them above depending on the situation/context.



I don’t want to confuse you, but… quickly check the followings :

「あけます」＝　(transitive verb)
　④｢まどを あけています｣　／　｢窓を開けています｣

「あきます」 ＝ (intransitive verb)
　×⑤｢まどが あいて あります｣　／　｢窓が開いてあります｣
　×⑥｢まどが あいて おきました｣　／ ｢窓が開いておきました｣


④ transitive verb + ｢ています｣ is expressing “present progressive”, meaning “somebody is opening (now)”.

For ⑤&⑥, intransitive verb + ｢てあります｣ or ｢ておきます｣ are generally not correct, unless the agent of the action is the subject.

｢よく ねてあります｣ ／ ｢よく寝てあります｣
｢よく ねておきました｣／ ｢よく寝ておきました｣
(Both meaning are “I slept well (intentionally)”.)